Mulleinpro represents a valuable ally in combating inflammatory conditions affecting the central nervous system and the respiratory system, performing its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and protective actions.

MECHANISM OF ACTION

Among the key biologically active molecules constituting the V. nigrum phytocomplex, it is important to mention verbascoside, a polyphenol also known as acteoside. Its pharmacological properties encompass an interesting range of activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, photoprotective, and chelating effects. Integrating into the complex cascade of enzymatic reactions that determine the inflammatory process, verbascoside exerts its action by significantly reducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Numerous studies have demonstrated verbascoside’s ability to inhibit and block the activity of enzymes involved in the inflammatory mechanism, particularly the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the inducible form of cyclooxygenase (COX2). Additionally, verbascoside’s anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions are especially significant at the level of nervous system cells, where they exert neuroprotective effects, enhancing cell viability and reducing intracellular concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Finally, it has been shown that verbascoside’s biological activity is synergistically enhanced by the presence of iridoid glycosides, such as arpagoside, in the phytocomplex, which possess significant anti-inflammatory properties.